A disc image (or disk image) is a single computer file that contains an exact, sector-by-sector copy of an entire storage device. It replicates not just the visible files, but the complete structure, file system, boot sectors, and hidden metadata of the source media. Common Formats
.ISO: The standard format for optical media like CDs, DVDs, and Blu-rays.
.DMG: Apple’s native disk image format used for software distribution on macOS.
.IMG / .BIN: Raw data copies typically used for older media or software backups.
.VHD / .VMDK: Virtual hard disk formats used extensively by virtual machines. Disk Images — QEMU documentation
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